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The toughest subject in CA Foundation is generally considered to be Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning, and Statistics (BMLR). This is because it requires a deep understanding of mathematical concepts, as well as the ability to apply them to logical reasoning and statistical problems. The subject also covers a wide range of topics, which can make it difficult to master.

However, it is important to note that different students will find different subjects tough. Some students may find BMLR to be relatively easy, while others may find it to be very challenging. Ultimately, the best way to determine which subject is the toughest for you is to take a practice test and see how you perform.

Here are some of the reasons why BMLR is considered to be the toughest subject in CA Foundation:
  • It covers a wide range of topics, including algebra, geometry, probability, statistics, and logical reasoning.
  • The concepts in BMLR can be quite complex, and students need to have a strong understanding of them in order to do well on the exam.
  • The exam questions in BMLR are often very challenging, and students need to be able to think critically and solve problems in order to answer them correctly.


If you are struggling with BMLR, there are a few things you can do to improve your chances of success:
  • Take a practice test to see where your strengths and weaknesses lie.
  • Find a good study guide or tutor to help you understand the concepts.
  • Practice solving problems regularly.
  • Don't be afraid to ask for help from your teachers or classmates.

With hard work and dedication, you can overcome any challenges you face in BMLR and succeed in CA Foundation.

There is no single main subject for CA Foundation. The Foundation Course consists of four papers:
  • Principles and Practice of Accounting
  • Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting
  • Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics
  • Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge

Each paper is equally important, and students need to have a good understanding of all four subjects in order to pass the Foundation Course. However, some students may find that they are more interested in or better suited for certain subjects than others.

For example, students who are interested in business might find Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge to be the most interesting subjects. Students who are good at math might find Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics to be the easiest subject. And students who are interested in law might find Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting to be the most interesting subject.

Ultimately, the best way to determine which subject is the main one for you is to take a practice test and see which subjects you perform best in. You can also talk to your teachers or classmates to get their recommendations.

Here is a brief overview of each of the four subjects in the CA Foundation Course:
  • Principles and Practice of Accounting is the study of the basic principles of accounting, such as double-entry bookkeeping, financial statements, and auditing.
  • Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting is the study of the laws that govern business, such as contract law, company law, and taxation. It also covers the principles of business correspondence and reporting.
  • Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics is the study of mathematical concepts, such as algebra, geometry, probability, and statistics. It also covers the principles of logical reasoning.
  • Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge is the study of economics, such as microeconomics, macroeconomics, and international trade. It also covers the principles of business management and commercial law.

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has announced a new scheme for the CA course, which will be implemented from May 2024. The new scheme includes a number of changes, including:
  • Reduction in the number of papers: The number of papers in the CA Final exam has been reduced from 8 to 6.
  • Introduction of self-paced modules: Two subjects from the CA Final exam, namely Business Economics and Business Laws, have been removed and will be offered as self-paced modules.
  • Introduction of a mandatory multi-disciplinary case study: A new mandatory paper on multi-disciplinary case study with strategic management has been introduced in the CA Final exam.
  • Changes in the syllabus: The syllabus for all the papers in the CA course has been revised to align it with the international curriculum.
  • Changes in the examination pattern: The examination pattern for all the papers in the CA course has been revised to include a greater emphasis on problem-solving skills.

The new scheme is aimed at making the CA course more relevant to the needs of the global business environment and to improve the quality of education and training offered by ICAI.

The CA Final exam is the last level of the Chartered Accountancy course, and it requires dedicated preparation and focused study. The amount of time required for preparation may vary depending on factors such as the candidate's prior knowledge, study habits, and personal circumstances. However, a recommended timeline for CA Final exam preparation is generally around 6-8 months.

During this time, students typically allocate several hours each day for studying, with dedicated time for each subject. The syllabus is extensive, and it's important to cover all topics thoroughly. It's advisable to create a study plan, dividing the available time among subjects based on their weightage and personal strengths/weaknesses.

Apart from regular study, it's also crucial to revise and practice solving past exam papers and mock tests. This helps in understanding the exam pattern, improving time management, and gaining confidence in answering questions effectively.

Remember, the suggested time frame is a general guideline, and individual circumstances and study capabilities can vary. It's important to start early, maintain discipline, and be consistent in your study routine to ensure comprehensive preparation for the CA Final exam.


The fees for CA exam 2023 vary depending on the level of the exam and the number of papers you are appearing for. Here is a table summarizing the fees for the CA exams in 2023:

Number of Papers Fees (Indian Nationals) Fees (Overseas Nationals)
Foundation 4 Rs. 1,500 $325
Intermediate 6 Rs. 2,700 $550
Final 6 Rs. 3,300 $775


Please note that these are the basic fees, and there may be additional charges, such as late fees or processing fees. You can find more information about the fees for CA exams on the ICAI website.

The best city for CA coaching depends on your individual preferences and needs. If you are looking for a city with a lot of competition and a strong peer group, then Mumbai or Pune or Delhi might be a good choice for you. If you are looking for a city with a lot of job opportunities, then Bangalore or Chennai might be a better choice. And if you are looking for a city with a rich cultural heritage, then Kolkata might be a good option for you.

Here are some of the factors you should consider when choosing a city for CA coaching:
  • The quality of the coaching institutes: Make sure that the coaching institutes in the city you choose have a good reputation and that they offer quality education.
  • The cost of living: The cost of living in different cities varies, so you need to make sure that you can afford to live in the city you choose.
  • The availability of jobs: If you are looking for a job after you complete your CA exams, then you need to make sure that there are a lot of job opportunities in the city you choose.
  • Your personal preferences: You need to choose a city that you feel comfortable living in and that you think you will enjoy studying in.

There are many different types of CAs, and the best type for you depends on your individual interests and career goals. Here are some of the most popular types of CAs:
  • Audit and Assurance: CAs in this specialization focus on auditing financial statements and providing assurance services to businesses and organizations.
  • Financial Accounting and Reporting: CAs in this specialization focus on preparing financial statements, analysing financial data, and reporting on financial performance.
  • Management Accounting: CAs in this specialization focus on providing financial information and advice to businesses to help them make better decisions.
  • Taxation: CAs in this specialization focus on providing tax advice to businesses and individuals.
  • Corporate Finance: CAs in this specialization focus on raising capital for businesses, managing their finances, and advising on mergers and acquisitions.

Ultimately, the best type of CA for you is the one that you are most interested in and that you think will give you the most satisfaction in your career. If you are not sure which type of CA is right for you, I recommend talking to a CA who is working in the field that you are interested in. They can help you to understand the different types of CAs and to make a decision that is right for you.

Here are some of the factors you should consider when choosing a type of CA:
  • Your interests: Choose a type of CA that you are interested in and that you think you will enjoy working in.
  • Your career goals: Choose a type of CA that will help you to achieve your career goals.
  • The job market: Research the job market for different types of CAs to make sure that there are enough jobs available in the field that you choose.
  • Your personality: Consider your personality and what type of work environment you would be most comfortable in.

The number of students who clear the CA exam every year varies depending on the level of the exam and the year. However, the pass percentage for the CA Final exam has been consistently around 18% in recent years.

For example, in May 2023, 1,44,752 candidates appeared for the CA Final exam and 28,385 candidates passed, giving a pass percentage of 19.6%.

The pass percentage for the CA Foundation exam is typically higher, around 30%. For example, in Nov 2022, 2,50,942 candidates appeared for the CA Foundation exam and 75,633 candidates passed, giving a pass percentage of 30.15%.

The pass percentage for the CA Intermediate exam is typically lower than the pass percentage for the CA Foundation exam, around 20%. For example, in May 2022, 2,21,932 candidates appeared for the CA Intermediate exam and 42,325 candidates passed, giving a pass percentage of 19.1%.

The pass percentage for the CA exam varies depending on a number of factors, including the difficulty of the exam, the number of candidates who appear, and the quality of the preparation of the candidates. However, the pass percentage for the CA exam is generally considered to be quite high, and it is a challenging but achievable goal for those who are willing to put in the hard work.

The difficulty of CA and MBBS is a subjective topic, and there is no one definitive answer. However, both courses are challenging and require a lot of hard work and dedication to succeed.

CA is a five-year course that covers auditing, taxes, and accounting. It is a professional course that is regulated by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI). MBBS is a five-and-a-half-year course that covers the basics of medicine, including anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. It is a medical course that is regulated by the Medical Council of India (MCI).

Both CA and MBBS have a high pass percentage, which means that a large number of students who take the exams are able to pass. However, the exams are also very competitive, and only the top students are able to achieve the highest grades.

Here are some of the factors that make CA and MBBS challenging:
  • The volume of material: Both CA and MBBS require students to learn a large amount of material. This material can be difficult to understand and memorize.
  • The level of difficulty: The exams for both CA and MBBS are very challenging. The questions are often complex and require students to think critically.
  • The time commitment: Both CA and MBBS are very demanding courses. Students need to be prepared to study for long hours and to make sacrifices in their personal lives.

Ultimately, the difficulty of CA and MBBS depends on the individual student's strengths and weaknesses. Some students may find CA to be more challenging, while others may find MBBS to be more challenging. The best way to decide which course is right for you is to consider your own interests and abilities.

The exact percentage of students who clear the Chartered Accountancy (CA) exam in their first attempt can vary from year to year and also depends on the level of difficulty of the exam. The CA exams are known for their rigor and comprehensive nature, and clearing them on the first attempt can be challenging.

While I don't have access to real-time data, historically, the percentage of students clearing the CA exams on their first attempt has generally been lower compared to subsequent attempts. It is estimated that the pass rate for the CA exams on the first attempt is typically around 10-15%. However, please note that these figures can vary and are subject to change.

It's important to remember that the CA exams require significant preparation, dedication, and a strong understanding of the subject matter. Many students opt for multiple attempts to clear the exams successfully.


The number of attempts made by a candidate to clear the Chartered Accountancy (CA) exams can vary based on individual circumstances. There isn't a specific limit to the number of attempts one can make to become a CA. Candidates are allowed to appear for the CA exams as many times as they need until they clear all the required papers within the maximum time limit specified by the regulatory body.

In India, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) is the governing body responsible for conducting the CA exams. As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, the ICAI has set a maximum time limit of five years from the date of initial registration as a CA student to clear all the CA exams.

However, it's worth noting that while there is no technical limit on the number of attempts, the process of becoming a CA can be demanding, and candidates are encouraged to put in their best efforts to clear the exams as soon as possible.


The CA Foundation exam June 2023 will be held on June 24, 26, 28, and 30, 2023. The exam will be held in two shifts, morning and afternoon. The morning shift will be held from 10:00 AM to 1:00 PM, and the afternoon shift will be held from 2:00 PM to 5:00 PM.

Here is the schedule for the CA Foundation exam June 2023:

Date Paper
June 24 Paper 1: Principles and Practice of Accounting
June 26 Paper 2: Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting
June 28 Paper 3: Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics
June 30 Paper 4: Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge


The CA Foundation exam is a closed book exam, which means that candidates are not allowed to bring any books or notes into the exam hall. The exam is also a timed exam, which means that candidates have a limited amount of time to answer the questions.

The CA Foundation exam is a challenging exam, but it is also an achievable goal for those who are willing to put in the hard work. If you are planning to take the CA Foundation exam in June 2023, I recommend that you start preparing early and create a study schedule that you can stick to. You should also take practice tests regularly to assess your progress and identify areas where you need to improve.


The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has announced a number of new updates for the CA course in 2023. These updates are aimed at making the CA course more relevant to the needs of the global business environment and to improve the quality of education and training offered by ICAI.

Some of the key new updates for the CA course in 2023 include:
  • Reduction in the number of papers: The number of papers in the CA Final exam has been reduced from 8 to 6.
  • Introduction of self-paced modules: Two subjects from the CA Final exam, namely Business Economics and Business Laws, have been removed and will be offered as self-paced modules
  • Introduction of a mandatory multi-disciplinary case study: A new mandatory paper on multi-disciplinary case study with strategic management has been introduced in the CA Final exam.
  • Changes in the syllabus: The syllabus for all the papers in the CA course has been revised to align it with the international curriculum.
  • Changes in the examination pattern: The examination pattern for all the papers in the CA course has been revised to include a greater emphasis on problem-solving skills.


The new updates for the CA course in 2023 will be implemented from May 2024. Candidates who are currently studying for the CA course will be allowed to continue with the old syllabus and examination pattern until they complete the course.


No, the CA syllabus will not change in May 2023. The new syllabus for the CA course will be implemented from May 2024. Candidates who are currently studying for the CA course will be allowed to continue with the old syllabus and examination pattern until they complete the course.

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has announced a number of new updates for the CA course in 2023. These updates are aimed at making the CA course more relevant to the needs of the global business environment and to improve the quality of education and training offered by ICAI.

However, the implementation of the new syllabus and examination pattern has been deferred to May 2024 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This will give candidates who are currently studying for the CA course more time to prepare for the changes.


Yes, the articleship period for Chartered Accountants (CA) in India has been reduced from three years to two years. The decision was made by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) in March 2022.

The reduction in the articleship period is part of a number of reforms that the ICAI has been undertaking in recent years to make the CA course more relevant to the needs of the global business environment. The ICAI believes that the reduction in the articleship period will allow students to gain more practical experience in a shorter period of time.

The new articleship period will be implemented from May 2024. Candidates who are currently undergoing articleship training will be allowed to complete their training under the old three-year scheme.

Here are some of the benefits of the reduced articleship period:
  • Students will be able to gain more practical experience in a shorter period of time.
  • Students will be able to enter the workforce sooner.
  • The cost of articleship training will be reduced.


However, there are also some potential drawbacks to the reduced articleship period:
  • Students may not have enough time to gain a deep understanding of the theoretical concepts.
  • Students may not have enough time to develop their problem-solving skills.
  • Students may not have enough time to network with other professionals.

Overall, the reduction in the articleship period is a positive change that will benefit CA students. However, it is important to be aware of the potential drawbacks and to plan accordingly.

The CA final results for December 2022 have not been released yet. The results are usually announced by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) a few weeks after the exam is held. Candidates can check the ICAI website for updates on the release date and information on how to access the results.

It's important to note that the CA final results are usually announced on the official website of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) as well as through various other platforms like newspapers, TV Channels, SMS and Email. Candidates who have appeared for the exam can check their results by visiting the official website of ICAI and enter the required details such as registration number and roll number.

It's also important to note that after the results are announced, candidates can also obtain their result through the ICAI's e-result view facility, which allows candidates to view their results on the internet by using their registration number.


Nischal Narayanam, a native of Hyderabad who achieved the distinction of being the nation's youngest person to pass the Chartered Accountancy exam in 2015, established a new record for the city. Only 19 years old at the time, he was able to pass the CA exam and become a licensed attorney. However, as ICAI membership requires applicants to be at least 21 years old, he was not eligible to join the organization.

Notably, he has the distinction of youngest graduate from Osmania University in Hyderabad, from where he earned both his Bachelor of Commerce and Master of Commerce degrees. He earned both of these degrees in the field of commerce.

The salary of a Chartered Accountant (CA) can vary greatly depending on a number of factors, such as location, industry, and years of experience. Generally, the salary for CA is the highest in developed countries like the United States, Canada, Australia, and European countries. In India, CA's salary is quite high in the major cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, and Pune.

In developed countries, the starting salary of CA could range from $70,000 to $150,000 per annum. In India, the starting salary of a CA could range from 6 to 8 Lakhs per annum. However, with experience, a CA can earn much more, with some earning well into the hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars per year.

It is also important to note that the salary of CA's also depends on the type of employer they work for, with those working in big four firms earning more than those working in smaller firms or as self-employed.

ICAI has decreased the number of CA Final papers from 8 to 6 as part of the revised CA program for 2023. At this point, there are two groups, each of which will have three papers.

The following are some of the significant changes made to the CA Final Subjects:

  • The topics that were covered in papers 4 and 5 are going to be relocated to the self-paced modules instead.
  • There will be no more choices available in Paper 6 after this. This will be a case study involving many disciplines, with an emphasis on strategic management.
  • Set C of the self-paced modules now includes elective topics that students may choose to study. These topics include risk management, financial services and capital markets.

The pass percentage for any exam can vary from year to year, and is also dependent on the difficulty level of the exam, the number of candidates who appear for the exam, and other factors.

It is also worth noting that pass percentage for CA final is generally low compared to other professional courses, as the CA course is considered to be one of the toughest professional course globally. In order to pass the CA test, candidates need to get a minimum score of 40 percent.

The salary of a Chartered Accountant (CA) can vary greatly depending on a number of factors, such as location, industry, and years of experience. The highest package for a CA can range from $150,000 to $1,000,000 or more per year, depending on the individual's qualifications, experience, and position.

CA's working in top firms like the Big Four (Deloitte, EY, KPMG and PwC) and other large multinational firms can expect to earn higher salaries compared to those working in smaller firms or as self-employed. Similarly, CA's working in high-paying industries such as investment banking, management consulting, and private equity, also tend to earn higher salaries.

It's also worth noting that CA's working in developed countries like the United States, Canada, Australia, and European countries tend to earn more than those working in developing countries like India.

It's also important to note that salary is not the only factor that CA's consider when choosing a career path. Many CA's also value work-life balance, job satisfaction, and opportunities for growth and development.

The ICAI made the CA Foundation Admit card 2023 available for download on its official website on November 30, 2022. The website may be accessed at icaiexam.icai.org. You will need to go to the website of the ICAI, enter your login id and password, and then click the option that says "Download Admit Card." The ICAI will not, under any circumstances, make a physical duplicate of the admission card accessible to applicants.

The best place for students to access it is by going to the official website. Students will only be granted access to the CA Foundation admittance card by the ICAI if they are capable of accurately filling out the test form.

Yes, it is possible to study for the Chartered Accountancy (CA) course online. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) offers online study materials and resources for the CA course, as well as online classes and video lectures. This can be a good option for students who are unable to attend regular classroom sessions due to distance or other constraints. Online CA coaching centers and various other online platforms also provide online classes, test series and study materials for CA Foundation, CA Intermediate and CA Final. They use various methods such as recorded videos, live classes, online notes and online test series to teach students.

It's important to note that while online study can be a good option for some students, it may not be the best fit for everyone. Online study requires self-discipline and good time management skills, as well as the ability to learn independently. It's also recommended that you find an online course that is suitable for your learning style, budget and schedule.

It is possible to finish the Chartered Accountancy (CA) course in 3 years, but it depends on the individual's qualifications and the pace at which they choose to complete the course. The CA course is divided into three levels: Foundation, Intermediate, and Final. The Foundation level is entry level and is intended for students who have completed their 10+2 level of education. Once you clear the foundation level, you can enroll for intermediate level which has two groups, after clearing both groups you are eligible for final level.

The normal duration to complete all the levels of CA is 4.5 years, which includes 9 months of study for each level, followed by an exam. But, if a candidate wishes to complete the course in 3 years, they can choose to appear for the exams after completing 6 months of study for each level and clear all the levels in 3 years.

There is no age limit for becoming a Chartered Accountant (CA). The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), which is the regulatory body for the CA profession in India, does not impose any age restrictions on becoming a CA. However, to enroll in the CA course, a student must have completed their 10+2 level of education.

It's worth noting that the CA course is considered to be one of the toughest professional course globally and requires a lot of hard work and dedication. It's important to have a good study plan and be well prepared for the exams, regardless of your age.

Also, It's also possible for working professionals to pursue CA course as well, there are several options available for working professionals such as online classes, weekend classes, direct entry scheme for graduates etc.

The examination fee for the CA Final is set by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and can vary from year to year.

The fee is usually announced a few months before the exam date and it's also possible to pay the fee in instalments. It's also worth noting that, the examination fee for CA is subject to change and will also depend on various factors such as the center of examination, whether the candidate is appearing for group or both groups and other factors.

The application cost for the Chartered Accountant Final Exam is Rs 1800 for a single group and Rs 3300 for both groups together. The Chartered Accountants Association of India (ICAI) will launch the rectification window for the CA Final test form on March 4 and will keep it available until March 10 in 2023. Download instructions for the admit card are sent to students who have finished filling out the ICAI test form successfully.

The following information has been provided on the CA Foundation Exam Paper Pattern for the year 2022:

The CA Foundation examination consists of four different papers.

  • Both kinds 1 and 2 of paper are considered to be subjective.
  • Both the third and fourth papers are objective kinds.
  • The CA foundation exam is for a total of 400 points, with each paper worth 100 points.
  • When it comes to objective exams, you might get negative marks. Any question that is answered incorrectly will result in a loss of one-fourth of a point in the exam.
  • The test is given in a traditional setting.
  • The question paper may be answered in either English or Hindi, with the exception of Section (b) of Paper 2, which must be answered in either English or Hindi. Only the English language option is required.

The registration for the Chartered Accountancy (CA) Foundation course typically opens a few months before the exam date. Note that the final day to register for the Foundation Course in order to take the Foundation Examination that will be conducted in May/June 2023 was the first day of January 2023. This is important information for candidates who will be taking their Class XII exams till April 2023.

It's recommended to check the ICAI official website or contact them directly for the most up-to-date information on the registration dates for the CA Foundation 2023. The registration process usually involves filling out an application form and paying the registration fee, which can be done online or in person.

It's also worth noting that, the registration for the CA Foundation 2023 will be open for a limited period of time, usually a few weeks, so it's important to register as soon as possible once the registration process opens to avoid missing the deadline.

The Chartered Accountancy (CA) exam is conducted twice a year by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), which is the regulatory body for the CA profession in India. The CA exam is held in the months of May and November.

The CA Foundation, Intermediate, and Final levels are held in May and November. The foundation level is held in May and November while intermediate and final levels are held in Nov only. The ICAI releases the exam schedule and the dates for the examination on its official website well in advance.

It's important to note that the schedule for the CA exams can change from year to year, so it's recommended to check the ICAI website for the most up-to-date information on the exam schedule. It's also worth noting that, if a candidate is unable to clear a level in one attempt, they can appear for the next attempt in the next examination.

here are a number of renowned educators that specialize in CA and are acknowledged for their ability to instruct and guide students at Swapnil Patni CA classes. You can learn and take classes from them and get the best results.

According to information provided by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the CA May 2023 examinations are planned to take place between May 2 and May 17, 2023. (ICAI). These assessments consist of the CA Foundation, the CA Intermediate, and the CA Final examinations.

There are many different online courses that may be used to prepare for the CA exam, and the one that is most suitable for you may be determined by factors like as your preferences, available funds, and preferred method of education. You can take Swapnil Patni CA classes to get the best results.

Yes, it is feasible to study CA from the comfort of your own home. Students now have access to high-quality study material, online tutoring, and may even communicate with both other students and subject-matter experts without having to leave the convenience of their own homes thanks to improvements in technology. But, in order to properly prepare for the CA exam at home, you will need a significant amount of self-discipline, as well as devotion and determination.

While studying at home, having a well-defined study plan is really necessary. Make a plan that details your objectives for each day, each week, and each month, and be sure to include time for each topic, for reviewing material, and for practicing. Maintain as much adherence to the plan as you possibly can, but be prepared to make alterations as needed.

The application for the CA Final test in May 2023 will be accessible beginning on February 3 and ending on February 24, 2023. By March 3, 2023, the application for the examination must be submitted in order to avoid being charged a late fee. It is strongly advised that any new information be looked for on the ICAI website or in official notifications.

If you are beginning from square one in your preparation for the CA Inter examinations, then two months may not be enough time for you to become ready. Nevertheless, the length of time necessary for preparation will vary depending on a number of variables including your existing understanding of the topic, the amount of time you have available to devote to studying, and your capacity to rapidly understand new ideas.

If you have prior knowledge of the topics included in the CA Inter syllabus, it is possible that you may be able to finish the course in only two months of consistent study. On the other hand, if you are not familiar with the topic, it may take you more time to understand the ideas and acquire the essential abilities.

It's possible that the degree of difficulty of the groups in CA inter will change depending on who you ask. The second group, on the other hand, is considered by many students to be more manageable than the first group. This is because the second group comprises more practically applicable topics, such as auditing and assurance and corporate and other laws.

The number of times a candidate may take the CA Foundation and Intermediate tests is restricted to a maximum of six, but the number of times a candidate may take the CA Final exams is not capped. Yet, in order to prevent any delays in the completion of the program, it is strongly suggested to pass the examinations on the first or second try.

The amount of time necessary for preparing for the CA test might vary greatly from person to person and according to the complexity of the exam. But, depending on how often you study, practice, and go over your material, it might take anything from six months to a year to complete each level of the CA program.

ICAI has decreased the number of CA Final papers from 8 to 6 as part of the revised CA program for 2023. At this point, there are two groups, each of which will have three papers. The following are some of the significant changes made to the CA Final Subjects: The topics that were covered in papers 4 and 5 are going to be relocated to the self-paced modules instead. On the other hand, it is strongly advised to check the ICAI website as well as any official notifications often for any modifications or revisions.

The study habits of a CA student should be characterised by discipline, concentration, and consistency. It is advised that a comprehensive study plan be created, efficient time management be implemented, regular practice be performed, frequent revisions be performed, and breaks should be taken. In addition to this, it is essential to ensure that you are always up to speed on the most recent modifications, alterations, and innovations in the industry.

In order to pass the CA examinations on the first try, you need to commit yourself fully, put in a lot of effort, and maintain a constant practice schedule. Yet, if you use the appropriate studying strategies and keep your concentration, it is unquestionably feasible to pass the examinations on the very first try. This accomplishment has been attained by a great number of students in the past, and a significant portion of its success may be attributed to the efforts and preparations of the individual student.

The proportion of candidates who pass the CA examinations on their very first try fluctuates from year to year. On the other hand, only around 10–15 percent of students end up passing their tests on their very first try. This statistic is subject to change based on the difficulty of the test, the number of students that took the exam, and any number of other variables.

In India, the typical age of a Chartered Accountant is between 32 and 33 years old. On the other hand, this might change based on a number of things, such as when the individual passed the examinations, how much job experience they have, and several other aspects of their lives.

After completing your secondary education, if you are interested in becoming a certified public accountant, you must first pass the CA Foundation test. You may begin the preparation process by enrolling in a coaching institution like Swapnil Patni CA classes, purchasing pertinent study material, developing a study plan, properly managing your time, and consistently engaging in practice. In addition, in order to evaluate how well you have prepared, you may try out some practice exams and go through some old exam questions.

There are a number of elements that may influence the total cost of CA coaching, including the coaching institution, the quality of the program, the amount of time spent on it, and the location. It is possible that the coaching costs for the CA program will vary anywhere from 50,000 to 150,000 rupees on average.

The degree of difficulty of the courses covered in the CA program might vary greatly from student to student. On the other hand, many students feel that Advanced Accounting and Financial Reporting are substantially more difficult than the other disciplines since they need a deeper grasp of accounting rules, ideas, and principles.

The requirements of the income tax legislation, as revised by the Finance Act of 2022, are relevant for the examination in May of 2023. These provisions include key circulars, notices, press releases published, and legislative modifications made up to the 31st of October, 2022. On the other hand, it is strongly advised to check the ICAI website as well as any official notifications often for any modifications or revisions.

In order to submit an application for the CA Intermediate test, candidates must pay either Rs. 1500 for a single group or Rs. 2700 for both groups. It is strongly advised that any new information be looked for on the ICAI website or in official notifications.

According to the information provided by the ICAI, the CA Inter examinations for May 2023 are going to take place between May 2 and May 17 of that same year. On the other hand, it is strongly advised to check the ICAI website as well as any official notifications often for any modifications or revisions.

No, skipping an attempt in the CA exam is not counted as an attempt made by the student. If a student has registered for a CA exam attempt but does not appear for the exam, then that attempt is not counted as an attempt. However, the registration fees paid for that attempt will not be refunded or carried forward to the next attempt. However, it is important to note that the time limit for completing the CA course still applies, and skipping attempts may delay the completion of the course. Therefore, students are advised to plan their attempts carefully and ensure that they are fully prepared before registering for the exam.

There is no specific limit on the number of attempts that a student can make for CA exams conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI). However, there are certain time limits within which a student is expected to complete the various levels of the CA course.

For the CA Foundation level, a student can appear for the exam in the months of May or November after completing 4 months of study period.

For the CA Intermediate level, a student can appear for the exam in May or November, provided they have completed at least 8 months of study period.

For the CA Final level, a student can appear for the exam in May or November, provided they have completed at least 2.5 years of article ship training.

If a student is unable to clear any level of the CA exam within the prescribed time limits, they can continue to appear for the exam in subsequent attempts until they clear the level. However, it is important to note that the time limit for completing the CA course still applies, and students are advised to plan their attempts carefully and ensure that they are fully prepared before registering for the exam.

If you fail in the CA exam, you can appear for the exam again in the next attempt. So, if you fail in the May attempt, you can appear for the exam again in the November attempt, and vice versa.

There is no limit on the number of attempts that a student can make to clear a particular level of the CA exam. However, there are certain time limits within which a student is expected to complete the various levels of the CA course.

If you fail in one or more papers of a particular level, you need to reappear for only the failed papers in the next attempt, and you can carry forward the marks obtained in the papers that you have already cleared.

It is important to analyse the reasons for failure and work on them to improve your preparation for the next attempt. You can also seek guidance from your mentors, coaching classes or online resources to improve your preparation and increase your chances of clearing the exam in the next attempt.

There are various types of questions that can be asked in this field, depending on the level of the exam and the specific area being tested. Some examples of question types are:

  • Objective type questions: These are multiple-choice questions where the candidate must choose the correct answer from a list of options.
  • Subjective type questions: These are open-ended questions where the candidate must provide a written response to a prompt.
  • Case study-based questions: These questions require the candidate to analyse a given case study and provide a solution to a problem presented in the case.
  • Practical questions: These questions may require the candidate to prepare financial statements or perform calculations related to accounting and finance.
  • Professional ethics-based questions: These questions may require the candidate to demonstrate their understanding of the ethical principles and standards that are important in the accounting profession.

Overall, the types of questions asked in CA exams are designed to test the candidate's knowledge, understanding, and application of accounting and finance concepts, as well as their ability to analyse and solve complex problems.

There can be various reasons why people quit CA, some of the common reasons are:

  • Difficulty in clearing exams: CA is a tough course, and clearing all three levels of the exam is challenging. Students often face difficulty in clearing exams, leading to frustration and disappointment, which may ultimately result in them quitting the course.
  • Lack of interest: Some students may realize that they have little interest in accounting or finance, which can lead to a lack of motivation to continue with the course.
  • Time constraints: Studying for CA requires a significant amount of time and effort. Some students may find it challenging to balance the demands of the course with other commitments, such as work or family responsibilities.
  • Job opportunities: After completing the CA course, students are expected to undertake a mandatory training period, which can be challenging to secure. Some students may find that the job opportunities in the field are not as attractive as they had hoped, leading them to quit the course.
  • Mental and physical health issues: The pressure and stress associated with the course can take a toll on the mental and physical health of students.

Please note that this is not the only list. Ultimately, the decision to quit CA is a personal one that should be carefully considered.

All subjects that are part of the CA are essential and play a crucial role in preparing students for a career in accounting and finance. However, some subjects are more critical than others, depending on the level of the exam.

At the Foundation level, the four subjects (Principles and Practices of Accounting, Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting, Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning, and Statistics) are equally important as they provide the basic knowledge required to pursue the course.

At the Intermediate and Final levels, the following subjects are considered to be particularly important:

  • Accounting
  • Financial Management
  • Taxation
  • Auditing and Assurance
  • Corporate and Economic Laws

Overall, all subjects are important in the CA course, and students must have a thorough understanding of each subject to become successful chartered accountants.

No, it is not possible to pursue CA (Chartered Accountancy) without studying Maths. Maths is a mandatory subject for students who want to pursue the CA course in India.

Maths is an essential subject for Chartered Accountants, as it provides the foundation for understanding various concepts related to accounting, finance, and economics. CA students are required to study mathematics at the Foundation level of the course, where they are taught business mathematics and logical reasoning. The subject covers various topics such as arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and statistics, among others.

In addition, Maths is also an essential subject for clearing the Common Proficiency Test (CPT), which is the first level of the CA course. CPT is a 200 marks objective type test, consisting of four subjects - Accounting, Mercantile Laws, General Economics, and Quantitative Aptitude (which includes Maths).

Therefore, it is not possible to pursue CA without studying Maths, as it is an essential subject that forms the basis of the course.

To become a CA in India, you need to clear all three levels of the CA exam conducted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and fulfil other eligibility criteria. There is no specific percentage requirement for becoming a CA, but you must fulfil the following criteria:

  • Educational Qualification: You must have completed the 10+2 level of education from a recognized board or university with minimum of 50% marks.
  • CA Foundation: You must have a minimum of 40% marks in each paper along with 50% in aggregate of all the papers.
  • CA Intermediate: Candidates must secure at least 40% marks in each paper and 50% overall in each group (minimum 200 marks in each group) to clear the CA inter exam.
  • CA Final: A minimum of 50% aggregate marks and individual 40% marks in each subject are required to clear the CA Final 2023 exam.

In addition to the above criteria, you must also fulfil the age and citizenship requirements specified by ICAI.

It is possible to pursue CA without going to college. In India, the minimum educational qualification required to pursue the CA course is completing the 10+2 level of education from a recognized board or university.

However, pursuing CA without college can be challenging as the CA course is a rigorous and demanding program that requires a significant amount of self-study and dedication. The course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of accounting, taxation, auditing, and finance, among other subjects.

College education can provide a strong foundation for students who want to pursue a career in accounting and finance. It can help them develop critical thinking, communication, and analytical skills, which are essential for success in the field. In addition, college education provides exposure to a range of subjects and can broaden a student's knowledge base.

Therefore, while it is possible to pursue CA without college, having a college education can be beneficial in the long run. It is recommended that students pursue a college degree or diploma in commerce, economics, or a related field before pursuing the CA course. This can help them acquire the necessary knowledge and skills required to succeed in the course and in their future careers.

The number of candidates who pass the CA (Chartered Accountancy) exams conducted by the Institute of ICAI varies from year to year. However, in the recently conducted exam, these are the statistics:

  • CA Final Nov 2022:
Number of candidates appeared Number of candidates Passed Pass percentage
Group I 65291 13969 21.39%
Group II 64775 12053 18.61%
Both Groups 29242 3243 11.09%

  • CA Intermediate Nov 2022:
Number of candidates appeared Number of candidates Passed Pass percentage
Group I 100265 21244 21.19%
Group II 79292 19380 24.44%
Both Groups 37428 4759 12.72%

  • CA Foundation Dec 2022:
Number of candidates appeared Number of candidates Passed Pass percentage
Total 126015 36864 29.25%

Please note that these pass percentages are subject to change every year, and the number of candidates who pass the exams can also vary depending on the level of difficulty of the exam and other factors.

The average age of a Chartered Accountant (CA) in India can vary widely depending on several factors such as when the person started pursuing the CA course, the time taken to complete the course, and the number of attempts taken to clear the exams.

Generally, most students start pursuing the CA course after completing their 10+2 level of education. It takes a minimum of 4.5 years to complete the CA course, including the mandatory 2.5 years of articleship training. However, many students take longer to complete the course due to the challenging nature of the exams and other personal reasons.

As per the data available, the average age of newly qualified CAs in India is around 24-26 years. However, this can vary depending on various factors as mentioned earlier.

It is also worth noting that many CAs in India pursue additional qualifications and specializations in accounting, finance, or management, which can further add to their expertise and increase their value in the job market. This can also impact their age at the time of completion of the additional qualifications.

As per the available data, there has been a significant increase in the number of female candidates pursuing the CA course in recent years.

In 2019, the number of female candidates who appeared for the CA Foundation exam was 34,852, which constituted around 38% of the total candidates who appeared for the exam. Similarly, in the CA Intermediate (New Scheme) exam conducted in November 2020, around 28% of the total candidates who appeared for the exam were female.

While the exact number of female CAs in India is not available, it is encouraging to see that more and more women are pursuing the CA course and entering the field of accounting and finance. This trend is likely to continue in the future as more women are encouraged to pursue careers in these fields.


Yes, CA can be a good career option for women. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of women pursuing the CA course in India. The CA profession offers several benefits that can make it a good career option for women:
  • Flexibility: The CA profession offers flexibility in terms of work hours and location, which can be beneficial for women who want to balance their work and personal life.
  • Equal Opportunities: The CA profession offers equal opportunities for both men and women, and the gender pay gap in the profession is relatively low compared to other industries.
  • Scope for growth: The CA profession offers several opportunities for growth and advancement, and CAs can work in various sectors such as accounting, finance, taxation, and audit.
  • High demand: The demand for CAs is high, and the profession is expected to grow in the coming years. This can provide good job security and opportunities for women who pursue the CA course.
  • Entrepreneurship opportunities: The CA profession offers several opportunities for entrepreneurship, and many CAs in India run their own accounting and consulting firms.

In summary, the CA profession can be a good career option for women who are interested in accounting, finance, and taxation.

Yes, a CA with multiple attempts can definitely get a job. While clearing the CA exams in the first attempt is certainly desirable, it is not uncommon for students to take multiple attempts to clear the exams due to the challenging nature of the course. Many factors determine a CA's employability, including their skills, knowledge, attitude, and work experience. Employers also consider a candidate's academic record, communication skills, and other soft skills while evaluating their suitability for a job.

However, having multiple attempts to clear the CA exams can sometimes be perceived negatively by employers. In such cases, it is essential to focus on highlighting other strengths and skills that can offset the perceived negative factor.

To increase their chances of getting a job, CAs with multiple attempts can focus on gaining relevant work experience through internships, training, or employment in relevant fields. They can also work on developing their communication, analytical, and other soft skills that are essential for success in the profession.

In summary, while multiple attempts to clear the CA exams may pose some challenges in finding a job, it is not a disqualifying factor. With the right skills, knowledge, and work experience, CAs with multiple attempts can definitely find good employment opportunities.

There are no certain definite number of attempts in clearing your exams. Irrespective of the number of attempts, if you have cleared the exam, you hold a strong chance in securing a job. However, with multiple number of attempts, certain companies are not happy about it. These organizations set eligibility criteria for number of attempts for the job prospects. Hence, in these organizations, it might affect you with the number of attempts.

The first paper for the CA Foundation course in India is called "Principles and Practice of Accounting." This paper is designed to test the candidates' understanding of basic accounting principles, concepts, and techniques. It aims to provide a strong foundation in accounting knowledge and skills.

The syllabus for the Principles and Practice of Accounting paper includes the following topics:

1. Theoretical Framework
  • Introduction to accounting
  • Accounting concepts, principles, and conventions
  • Accounting standards in India (as per Ind AS)

2. Accounting Process
  • Books of accounts
  • Recording of transactions
  • Preparation of trial balance, financial statements, and closing entries

3. Bank Reconciliation Statement

4. Inventories
  • Valuation of inventories
  • Accounting for inventories

5. Concept and Accounting of Depreciation
  • Concept of depreciation
  • Methods of depreciation
  • Accounting treatment of depreciation

6. Accounting for Special Transactions
  • Bills of exchange and promissory notes
  • Sale of goods on approval or return basis
  • Consignment

7. Partnership Accounts
  • Partnership formation
  • Admission, retirement, and death of a partner
  • Dissolution of a partnership firm

8. Introduction to Company Accounts
  • Introduction to company accounts
  • Issue of shares and debentures
  • Re-issue of forfeited shares

9. Basic Accounting Ratios

The first paper, Principles and Practice of Accounting, is of 100 marks and is conducted in a subjective format. The examination consists of both theoretical and practical questions to assess the candidates' understanding and application of accounting principles and concepts.


Preparing for CA Group 1 requires a systematic and dedicated approach due to the comprehensive syllabus and the depth of knowledge required. Here are some tips to help you in your preparation:

1. Understand the Syllabus: Start by thoroughly understanding the syllabus for CA Group 1. Familiarize yourself with the topics and their weightage in the examination. This will help you plan your study schedule accordingly.

2. Create a Study Plan: Develop a study plan that covers all the subjects and topics within a specified time frame. Allocate sufficient time for each subject based on its complexity and your familiarity with the topics. Make sure to include regular revisions in your plan.

3. Study Material: Gather the necessary study material, which typically includes textbooks, study guides, reference books, and practice manuals. Ensure that you have the latest editions of the recommended study material provided by the ICAI.

4. Focus on Conceptual Clarity: CA exams require a strong understanding of concepts rather than rote memorization. Focus on developing a clear understanding of the underlying principles and concepts in each subject. Take the time to grasp the fundamental concepts before moving on to more complex topics.

5. Practice Question Papers: Solve previous years' question papers and mock tests regularly. This will help you familiarize yourself with the exam pattern, improve your time management skills, and identify areas where you need further improvement.

6. Seek Guidance: If you encounter difficulties in understanding certain topics, consider seeking guidance from experienced faculty members, subject matter experts, or coaching institutes. They can provide additional explanations and clarify your doubts.

7. Revision: Regular revision is crucial for effective preparation. Set aside dedicated time for revision, preferably in short intervals, to reinforce your understanding of the topics. Create concise notes or flashcards to aid in revision.

8. Mock Tests and Mock Interviews: Take advantage of mock tests and mock interviews conducted by coaching institutes or online platforms. These simulate the exam environment and help you assess your preparation level. Analyze your performance and identify areas that require further improvement.

9. Time Management: Manage your time effectively by dividing it wisely among different subjects and topics. Allocate more time to complex subjects or areas where you find yourself struggling. Stick to your study plan and avoid procrastination.

10. Stay Positive and Take Breaks: Maintaining a positive mindset is essential during the preparation phase. Take regular breaks to relax, rejuvenate, and engage in activities you enjoy. Taking care of your physical and mental well-being is crucial for effective studying.


Remember, preparing for CA Group 1 requires consistent effort, discipline, and perseverance. Stay motivated, stay focused, and trust in your abilities. Good luck with your preparation!

Yes, you can start preparing for CA from Class 12. In fact, many students begin their CA preparation during their Class 11 or 12 studies. Starting early gives you a significant advantage as it allows you to allocate more time for preparation and gradually build a strong foundation in the subjects relevant to the CA course.

Here are some steps you can take to kickstart your CA preparation during Class 12:

1. Choose Commerce Stream: Opt for the commerce stream in Class 11 and 12, as it aligns well with the subjects and concepts covered in the CA course. Commerce subjects like Accountancy, Economics, and Business Studies will provide a good foundation for your CA studies.

2. Focus on Mathematics: Mathematics is a crucial subject for the CA course. Develop a strong understanding of mathematical concepts, particularly in areas such as algebra, statistics, and calculus. Good mathematical skills will be beneficial for subjects like Financial Management and Quantitative Aptitude.

3. Study Accountancy: Pay extra attention to Accountancy in Class 11 and 12. This subject forms the basis of financial accounting in the CA curriculum. Familiarize yourself with basic accounting principles, concepts, and practices.

4. Self-Study: Develop a habit of self-study and take responsibility for your learning. Go beyond what is taught in school and explore additional resources to deepen your understanding of subjects like Accountancy, Economics, and Mathematics.

5. Enroll in Coaching Classes: Consider joining coaching classes or online learning platforms that offer CA foundation coaching. These classes provide structured guidance, expert faculty, and a curriculum tailored for CA preparation.

6. Stay Updated: Stay updated with any changes in the CA course structure, syllabus, or examination pattern. Regularly visit the official website of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) to stay informed.

7. Time Management: Learn to manage your time effectively. Balance your school studies with CA preparation by creating a study schedule that allocates specific time slots for both. Prioritize your studies and avoid distractions.

8. Develop Problem-Solving Skills: CA exams often involve problem-solving questions that require analytical thinking. Cultivate your problem-solving skills by practicing numerical problems, case studies, and logical reasoning exercises.

9. Practice Communication Skills: Effective communication is crucial for a successful career in CA. Work on improving your written and verbal communication skills. Practice writing clear and concise answers and develop the ability to express your thoughts effectively.

10. Stay Motivated: Keep your long-term goals in mind and stay motivated throughout your preparation journey. Surround yourself with positive and supportive peers who share similar aspirations.

Starting your CA preparation from Class 12 gives you a head start and allows you to build a strong foundation in the subjects required for the CA course. It also helps you manage your time more efficiently as you progress through the various levels of the CA program. Remember to maintain a balanced approach by giving due attention to both your school studies and CA preparation.

Doing CA alongside Class 12 requires careful planning, time management, and dedication. Here are some steps you can take to effectively manage both:

Understand the CA Course Structure: Familiarize yourself with the structure and requirements of the CA course. The CA course consists of three levels: Foundation, Intermediate, and Final. Each level has multiple subjects and examinations. Understand the eligibility criteria, examination patterns, and the time required for each level.

  • Plan your Schedule: Create a study schedule that balances your Class 12 studies with CA preparation. Allocate specific time slots for each subject and stick to the schedule as much as possible. Prioritize your tasks and ensure that you allocate sufficient time for both school studies and CA preparation.

  • Optimize Study Time: Make the most of the time you have available for studying. Utilize breaks between classes or during weekends to focus on CA subjects. Identify time slots where you are most productive and use them for intense study sessions.

  • Seek Support from School: Inform your school about your decision to pursue CA alongside Class 12. Seek support from your teachers and discuss any potential conflicts in schedules. They may be able to provide guidance, study material, or adjust deadlines to accommodate your dual studies.

  • Opt for Integrated Coaching: Consider enrolling in integrated coaching programs that provide specific guidance for students pursuing CA alongside their school studies. These coaching classes are designed to provide structured support and help you manage the dual workload effectively.

  • Prioritize Subjects: Identify the subjects in Class 12 that overlap with the CA syllabus, such as Accountancy, Economics, and Mathematics. Prioritize these subjects and allocate extra time for them as you will be able to benefit from studying them for both Class 12 and CA.

  • Optimize Study Techniques: Develop effective study techniques that suit your learning style. Focus on understanding concepts rather than memorizing them. Use mnemonic devices, mind maps, and practice solving numerical problems to strengthen your understanding.

  • Time Management and Organization: Develop strong time management skills. Use tools such as calendars, planners, or mobile apps to organize your study schedule, deadlines, and important dates. Break down your tasks into manageable chunks and set realistic goals for each study session.

  • Regular Revision: Allocate dedicated time for regular revision of both Class 12 subjects and CA topics. Regular revision helps reinforce your understanding and retention of concepts. Review your class notes, textbooks, and practice papers regularly to stay on track.

  • Take Care of Yourself: It's important to maintain a healthy balance between your studies and personal well-being. Take breaks, get enough sleep, eat well, and engage in activities you enjoy. Prioritize self-care and manage stress effectively.


Remember that pursuing CA alongside Class 12 requires dedication and discipline. Stay motivated, seek support from your teachers, family, and peers, and maintain a positive mindset. With proper planning and efficient time management, you can successfully manage both your Class 12 studies and CA preparation.

The number of hours you should study for CA can vary depending on factors such as your learning style, study efficiency, and individual capabilities. However, it is generally recommended to allocate a significant amount of study time to effectively prepare for the CA exams. Here are some guidelines to consider:

  • Quality over Quantity: Instead of focusing solely on the number of hours, prioritize the quality of your study sessions. Concentrate on understanding concepts, practicing problem- solving, and reviewing your understanding regularly. It's better to have focused and productive study sessions rather than just spending long hours without much progress.

  • Study Plan: Create a study plan that suits your schedule and allows for regular and consistent study sessions. Set specific goals for each study session or day to stay organized and motivated.

  • Balance and Breaks: Maintaining a balance is crucial for effective studying. Avoid studying continuously for long stretches without breaks, as it can lead to fatigue and reduced concentration. Take short breaks every hour or so to relax, refresh, and recharge your mind.

  • Individual Needs and Capacity: Understand your own learning style and adapt your study routine accordingly. Some individuals may require more time to grasp certain concepts, while others may need less. Be mindful of your own strengths and weaknesses and tailor your study plan accordingly.

  • Subject-wise Allocation: Different subjects within the CA course may require varying levels of study time based on their complexity and your familiarity with the topics. Allocate more time for subjects that are more challenging or require deeper understanding.

  • Revision Time: Allocate dedicated time for regular revision of the topics you have studied. Regular revision is essential to reinforce your understanding and improve retention of the concepts.

  • Practice Questions: Solving practice questions and mock tests is an integral part of CA preparation. Allocate time for solving practice papers and analyzing your performance. This will help you identify areas that require further improvement and build exam-taking skills.

  • Manage Other Commitments: Consider your other commitments, such as school, college, or work, while planning your study hours. Ensure that you strike a balance between your various responsibilities and allocate sufficient time for CA preparation.

  • Consistency and Discipline: Consistency and discipline are key to successful CA preparation. Aim for regular study sessions, even if they are of shorter duration, rather than sporadic long study sessions. Stay committed to your study plan and maintain a disciplined approach.


Remember, the number of hours you study alone does not guarantee success. It's important to study smart, focus on understanding concepts, and regularly assess your progress through practice and revision. It's recommended to aim for a minimum of 4-6 hours of focused study per day, but this can vary depending on individual circumstances. Adjust your study hours based on your progress and individual needs.

Yes, Class 12 marks do matter to some extent in the Chartered Accountancy (CA) profession, specifically during the initial stages of the CA course. While the primary requirement to pursue CA is to pass the CA Foundation examination, which does not consider Class 12 marks, there are certain benefits to having a strong academic background.

  • Eligibility for direct entry: If you have scored a minimum of 55% marks in aggregate in Commerce stream graduation or 60% minimum marks in any other stream graduation, you are eligible for direct entry into the Intermediate level of the CA course without appearing for the CA Foundation examination. This saves you time and allows you to proceed directly to the next stage of the CA course.

  • Merit-based scholarships: Some organizations and institutions offer merit-based scholarships to students pursuing the CA course. In such cases, your Class 12 marks may be considered as one of the factors in determining your eligibility or ranking for the scholarship.

  • Personal development: A strong academic background can help you build a solid foundation of knowledge and skills that will be beneficial throughout your CA journey. Subjects like Accountancy, Economics, and Mathematics in Class 12 provide a fundamental understanding of concepts that are relevant to the CA profession.


However, it's important to note that once you have enrolled in the CA course and cleared the required examinations, your focus should primarily be on the CA curriculum and examinations. The weightage given to Class 12 marks diminishes as you progress further in the CA course, and the primary determinants of success become the CA exams and practical experience gained through articleship and training.

There is no minimum percentage required in class 12 to appear for the CA Foundation exam. However, you must have passed class 12 from a recognized board with a minimum of 50% aggregate marks.

However, it is important to note that class 12 marks can be a good indicator of your academic aptitude and potential. If you have scored well in your class 12 exams, it is likely that you will be able to handle the rigors of the CA course.

Here are some other factors that can help you succeed in the CA course:

  • Hard work and dedication: The CA course is a challenging one, and it requires a lot of hard work and dedication to succeed.

  • Good study habits: It is important to develop good study habits early on. This will help you to stay organized and manage your time effectively.

  • Time management: The CA course is a time-consuming one, and it is important to be able to manage your time effectively.

  • Positive attitude: It is important to have a positive attitude and be motivated to succeed. If you have these qualities, then you are well on your way to becoming a Chartered Accountant.


There are many reasons why CA has a low pass percentage. Some of the reasons include:

Here are some other factors that can help you succeed in the CA course:

  • The syllabus is vast and covers a wide range of topics.

  • The exams are difficult and require a lot of preparation.

  • The competition is fierce, as there are many students who are vying for a limited number of seats.

  • The course is long and takes several years to complete.


As a result of these factors, only a small percentage of students who take the CA exams are able to pass. In 2022, the pass percentage for the CA Foundation exam was 17.82%, the pass percentage for the CA Intermediate exam was 13.77%, and the pass percentage for the CA Final exam was 10.71%. Despite the low pass percentage, the CA course is still a valuable one. Chartered Accountants are in high demand in India and abroad, and they can command high salaries. If you are willing to put in the hard work, the CA course can be a great way to start your career in accounting.

Here are some tips for increasing your chances of passing the CA exams:
  • Start preparing early. The CA course is a long and challenging one, so it is important to start preparing early. This will give you enough time to cover the syllabus and practice for the exam.

  • Join a good coaching institute. A good coaching institute can provide you with the support and guidance you need to succeed in the CA course.

  • Make a study plan. Once you have started preparing, it is important to make a study plan. This will help you stay on track and make sure that you are covering the syllabus in a timely manner.

  • Practice regularly. The best way to prepare for the CA exams is to practice regularly. This will help you get familiar with the format of the exam and the type of questions that are asked.

  • Stay motivated. The CA exams are a long and challenging one, so it is important to stay motivated. Remember why you want to become a CA and keep that goal in mind when things get tough.


If you follow these tips, you will be well on your way to passing the CA exams and becoming a Chartered Accountant.

The difficulty level of the CA Foundation examination can vary from person to person based on their individual aptitude, preparation, and prior knowledge. However, it is generally considered to be a challenging exam due to its comprehensive syllabus and the need for a strong understanding of accounting principles, mathematics, economics, and business laws.

CA Foundation covers four subjects:

  • Principles and Practice of Accounting

  • Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting

  • Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics

  • Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning & Statistics


The syllabus is extensive, and it requires a structured study plan and dedicated preparation to succeed. The exam consists of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and descriptive questions, which test both theoretical knowledge and practical application.

To prepare for the CA Foundation exam, it is advisable to:
  • Understand the syllabus and exam pattern thoroughly.

  • Create a study schedule and allocate sufficient time for each subject.

  • Refer to the recommended study material provided by ICAI.

  • Practice solving previous years' question papers and sample papers.

  • Seek guidance from experienced faculty or join a coaching institute if needed.

  • Stay updated with the latest amendments and changes in the syllabus.


With consistent effort, effective study techniques, and proper guidance, it is possible to clear the CA Foundation exam successfully. Remember that perseverance and disciplined preparation are key to overcoming the challenges posed by the examination.

The Chartered Accountancy (CA) Foundation course covers a wide range of subjects related to accounting, business law, economics, and mathematics. While there are various study materials available for CA Foundation, the choice of the best material depends on your personal learning style and preferences. However, here are some commonly recommended study materials for CA Foundation:

  • ICAI Study Material: The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) provides comprehensive study materials for all levels of the CA course, including CA Foundation. These study materials are prepared by experts and align with the syllabus and examination pattern.

  • Practice Manuals: ICAI also publishes practice manuals that contain solved illustrations, question papers, and suggested answers. These manuals can be useful for gaining practical insights and enhancing your problem-solving skills.

  • Reference Books: Many students supplement their preparation with additional reference books authored by renowned authors.

  • Online Learning Platforms: There are various online learning platforms and coaching institutes, such as Swapnil Patni Classes, Udemy, Unacademy, that offer video lectures, practice questions, and mock tests for CA Foundation. These platforms provide flexibility and convenience for self-paced learning.

  • Mock Tests and Previous Year Question Papers: Practicing mock tests and solving previous year question papers is crucial for exam preparation. It helps you understand the exam pattern, manage time effectively, and identify your strengths and weaknesses.


Remember, while selecting study materials, ensure that they are up-to-date and cover the latest syllabus prescribed by ICAI. It is also beneficial to seek guidance from seniors, mentors, or experienced professionals who have successfully cleared the CA Foundation examination.

Yes, there are study materials available for the CA (Chartered Accountancy) Foundation course. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), which is the regulatory body for the CA profession in India, provides study materials for the CA Foundation course.

The study materials provided by ICAI cover all the subjects and topics that are part of the CA Foundation syllabus. These materials are comprehensive and designed to help students understand the concepts and prepare for the examinations. They usually include textbooks, practice manuals, revision test papers, and supplementary study materials.

Apart from the study materials provided by ICAI, there are also various private publishers and CA coaching institutes that produce additional study materials for CA Foundation. These materials often provide alternative explanations, additional practice questions, and other resources to support students in their exam preparation.

It's important to note that the CA Foundation course is periodically updated, so it's advisable to use the latest edition of study materials that align with the current syllabus. The CA Foundation course consists of four subjects: Principles and Practices of Accounting, Business Laws and Business Correspondence and Reporting, Business Mathematics and Logical Reasoning, and Statistics, and Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge.


To obtain study materials for the CA Inter (Intermediate) course, you can follow the steps outlined below:

  • 1. ICAI's Official Website: Visit the official website of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) at www.icai.org. The website serves as a primary resource for information and study materials related to the CA course.

  • BoS Knowledge Portal: On ICAI's website, navigate to the "BoS Knowledge Portal" section. BoS stands for Board of Studies, which is responsible for developing and providing study materials for CA students. The BoS Knowledge Portal is a dedicated platform where you can access study materials, practice manuals, revision test papers, and supplementary resources.

  • Login/Register: Create an account on the BoS Knowledge Portal if you don't have one already. You may need to register using your student registration number or membership number.

  • Study Materials: Once you have logged in, explore the relevant section for the CA Inter study materials. You should be able to find textbooks, practice manuals, and other resources for each subject of the CA Inter course. The study materials are regularly updated to align with the current syllabus.

  • Physical Copies: If you prefer physical copies of the study materials, you can purchase them from ICAI's official publication store or from authorized distributors. The physical copies are typically available for sale at ICAI branches or selected bookstores.

  • Supplementary Sources: In addition to the materials provided by ICAI, you may also find supplementary study materials from private publishers and coaching institutes. These materials can offer alternative explanations, additional practice questions, and different perspectives to enhance your understanding of the subjects.


Remember to check for the latest editions of the study materials to ensure they align with the current syllabus and any updates made by ICAI.

The primary provider of study materials for the Chartered Accountancy (CA) course is the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI). ICAI is the regulatory body that governs the CA profession in India.

ICAI's Board of Studies (BoS) is responsible for developing and providing study materials for all levels of the CA course, including the CA Foundation, CA Intermediate, and CA Final. These study materials are designed to cover the entire syllabus and help students understand the concepts and prepare for the examinations.

The study materials provided by ICAI typically include textbooks, practice manuals, revision test papers, and supplementary study resources. These materials are periodically updated to align with the latest syllabus and incorporate any changes or revisions made by ICAI.

In addition to the study materials provided by ICAI, there are also various private publishers and coaching institutes that produce additional study materials for the CA course. These materials often offer alternative explanations, additional practice questions, and other resources to supplement the ICAI study materials.

However, it's important to note that the study materials provided by ICAI are considered authoritative and are recommended as the primary resources for CA exam preparation. They are developed by subject matter experts and are specifically tailored to meet the requirements of the CA course.

To access the official study materials provided by ICAI, you can visit the BoS Knowledge Portal on ICAI's official website or purchase physical copies from ICAI's publication store or authorized distributors.


Articleship is a mandatory practical training program for aspiring Chartered Accountants (CAs) pursuing the CA course. It is a form of apprenticeship where CA students gain practical experience and hands-on training in the field of accounting, auditing, taxation, and other relevant areas.

During the Articleship period, CA students work under the guidance and supervision of a practicing Chartered Accountant who becomes their principal. The Articleship typically lasts for a period of three years, which is divided into two components: Initial Articleship and Final Articleship.

  • Initial Articleship: The first part of the Articleship period is known as Initial Articleship or the first two and a half years of training. During this period, CA students assist their principal in various accounting and auditing assignments, taxation work, and other related tasks. It provides them with exposure to practical scenarios and enables them to apply the theoretical knowledge gained through the CA course.

  • Final Articleship: The remaining six months of the Articleship is referred to as Final Articleship. In this phase, CA students usually have more responsibilities and are given more complex assignments and projects to handle. It is aimed at further enhancing their practical skills and preparing them for the challenges they may face as professional Chartered Accountants.


Articleship is a crucial component of the CA course as it provides valuable practical exposure, enhances professional skills, and facilitates the application of theoretical knowledge in real-world scenarios. It is an opportunity for CA students to understand the practical aspects of the profession, develop professional ethics, and learn from experienced CAs.

During the Articleship period, CA students are also required to complete specific training programs, such as the General Management and Communication Skills (GMCS) and Advanced Information Technology Training (ITT), as prescribed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).

The Articleship period is regulated by ICAI, and there are specific guidelines and regulations regarding the duration, working hours, stipend, and other aspects of the training. Successful completion of the Articleship program is a prerequisite for appearing in the CA Final examination and obtaining the Chartered Accountant designation.


Yes, Chartered Accountancy (CA) is considered to be in high demand due to the significant role CAs play in various sectors of the economy. Here are a few reasons why CA is in high demand:

  • Expertise in Accounting and Finance: CAs possess specialized knowledge and expertise in accounting, auditing, taxation, financial management, and related areas. This expertise is highly sought after by businesses, organizations, and individuals who require professional financial advice, compliance with regulatory requirements, and strategic financial planning.

  • Legal Requirement: Many statutory and regulatory bodies require the services of CAs. For example, companies are legally mandated to have their financial statements audited by a CA in many jurisdictions. CAs also play a crucial role in tax compliance and representing clients before tax authorities.

  • Business and Financial Advisory: CAs provide valuable business and financial advisory services. They assist in financial planning, budgeting, investment analysis, risk management, and corporate governance. Their insights and recommendations are sought after by businesses to make informed decisions and improve financial performance.

  • Global Recognition: The CA qualification is recognized and respected worldwide. CAs have opportunities to work internationally, either in established firms or multinational corporations. The global recognition of the CA qualification opens doors to diverse career opportunities in various countries.

  • Dynamic and Evolving Profession: The field of accountancy and finance is continuously evolving due to changes in laws, regulations, and emerging trends. As a result, there is a constant demand for CAs who can adapt to these changes and provide up-to-date expertise in areas such as financial reporting standards, taxation laws, and technology-driven financial practices.

  • Career Opportunities: CAs have a wide range of career opportunities in different sectors, including public practice, industry, government organizations, consulting firms, financial institutions, and nonprofit organizations. They can pursue roles such as auditors, financial managers, tax consultants, CFOs, and business advisors.


Given the importance of financial management and compliance in both the private and public sectors, the demand for CAs remains high. However, it's important to note that the demand for CAs may vary depending on factors such as economic conditions, industry trends, and individual skills and experience.

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